Description
MOTS-c Overview
MOTS-c is a 16–amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) that plays a key role in cellular energy regulation. It is synthesized within the mitochondria and supports metabolic balance by enhancing glucose utilization, improving insulin sensitivity, and activating adaptive stress pathways. Unique among peptides, MOTS-c can translocate to the nucleus, where it influences the expression of genes tied to mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic stability. Research has linked MOTS-c to improved exercise performance, protection against obesity and insulin resistance, and potential benefits in conditions such as osteoporosis, metabolic disorders, and age-associated decline. Overall, MOTS-c is considered a significant research tool in the study of metabolism, cellular resilience, and healthy aging.
MOTS-c Structure
Sequence:Met-Arg-Trp-Gin-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-lle-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg
Molecular Formula: CHNO22S2
Molecular Weight: 2174.64 g/mol
PubChem SID: 255386757
CAS Number: 1627580-64-6
Synonyms: Mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c, MT-RNR1
MOTS-c Research
MOTS-c and Muscle Metabolism
MOTS-c has been shown to play a regulatory role in muscle metabolism by enhancing glucose utilization and energy efficiency during physical activity. Research indicates that this mitochondrial-derived peptide can promote greater endurance and exercise capacity, in part through activation of pathways that support mitochondrial biogenesis and adaptive stress responses in skeletal muscle.
MOTS-c and Fat Metabolism
Studies have found that MOTS-c contributes to the regulation of fat metabolism by shifting cellular energy use toward more efficient processing of lipids. Through activation of AMPK and related metabolic pathways, MOTS-c encourages the mobilization of fatty acids and reduces excessive fat accumulation under conditions of metabolic stress.
In animal models, MOTS-c has been linked to reductions in diet-induced obesity, highlighting its role in maintaining a healthier balance between fat storage and energy expenditure. These findings suggest that MOTS-c acts as a metabolic switch that helps tissues adapt to nutrient overload and restore homeostasis.
The peptide’s influence on lipid turnover also supports more effective energy partitioning, allowing for better utilization of both carbohydrates and fats depending on the physiological demand. This metabolic flexibility is thought to be one reason why MOTS-c is associated with improved exercise performance.
Overall, the impact of MOTS-c on fat metabolism positions it as an important research molecule for understanding how mitochondrial signals regulate systemic energy balance, particularly in relation to diet and obesity models.
MOTS-c and Insulin Sensitivity
A notable property of MOTS-c is its ability to enhance insulin sensitivity, supporting more effective glucose uptake and utilization. By activating key metabolic regulators, MOTS-c helps maintain stable blood sugar levels under stress conditions, making it a central peptide of interest in studies on metabolic disorders.
MOTS-c and Osteoporosis
Bone health is another area where MOTS-c has been explored. Research suggests that its influence on metabolic pathways and energy balance can extend to bone remodeling processes, indirectly supporting skeletal strength and resilience.
Preclinical models indicate that MOTS-c may reduce bone loss by improving mitochondrial activity within bone tissue and modulating cellular responses involved in bone turnover. These findings make it a relevant candidate for studies focused on osteoporosis and age-related skeletal decline.
MOTS-c and Longevity
Longevity research has highlighted MOTS-c as a peptide with promising effects on healthy aging. By enhancing cellular stress resistance and maintaining metabolic balance, MOTS-c supports processes that contribute to prolonged functional capacity over time.
Its ability to influence gene expression related to mitochondrial biogenesis suggests that MOTS-c may help counteract age-associated decline in energy production, making it a valuable research tool in the field of lifespan and healthspan studies.
MOTS-c and Heart Health
Cardiovascular function is highly dependent on mitochondrial efficiency and metabolic regulation, both of which are influenced by MOTS-c. Research shows that MOTS-c supports more efficient energy production in heart tissue, particularly under stress conditions.
Studies suggest that MOTS-c can improve cardiac resilience by modulating glucose and fatty acid metabolism, which are critical energy sources for the myocardium. This flexibility helps maintain heart performance during periods of increased demand.
Additionally, MOTS-c’s broader influence on insulin sensitivity, fat metabolism, and oxidative stress reduction may indirectly benefit cardiovascular health, positioning it as a peptide of interest for exploring the mitochondrial regulation of heart function.